![]() The philosopher Slavoj Žižek has cited the Marx Brothers' rewording of the duck test: "He may look like an idiot and talk like an idiot, but don't let that fool you. During the discussion he often uses the test to illustrate that the concise format of the duck test is a form of intelligence that machines are not capable of producing. Vladimir Vapnik, co-inventor of the support-vector machine and a major contributor to the theory of machine learning, uses the duck test as a way to summarize the importance of simple predicates to classify things. If it looks like a duck and quacks like a duck but it needs batteries, you probably have the wrong abstraction. The Liskov Substitution Principle in computer science is sometimes expressed as a counter-example to the duck test: Monty Python also referenced the test in the Witch Logic scene in their 1975 film Monty Python and the Holy Grail, where Sir Bedevere reasons that if ducks float and wood burns, then a person who weighs the same as a duck is made of wood and should be burned as a witch. If it looks like a duck, and quacks like a duck, we have at least to consider the possibility that we have a small aquatic bird of the family Anatidae on our hands. The irony is that while the phrase is often cited as proof of abductive reasoning, it is not proof, as the mechanical duck is still not a living duck.ĭouglas Adams parodied this test in his book Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency: The mechanical duck would quack, move its head to eat grain which it would appear to digest, and after a short time would excrete a mixture that looked and smelled like duck droppings. The French automaton maker Jacques de Vaucanson created a mechanical duck in 1738. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.You should also add the template to the talk page.A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at ] see its history for attribution. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation.If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality.Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 5,201 articles in the main category, and specifying |topic= will aid in categorization.Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.View a machine-translated version of the French article.Able to tolerate a deep freeze, they winter among the leaves and debris of the woodland floor, frozen quite solid. When winter comes, bull frogs and other pond frogs submerge to spend the winter in the murk and mud well below the ice. They also breed in vernal pools that usually dry up in summer, so an early start increases tadpole survival chances. They're the only North American amphibian found north of the Arctic Circle. Their camouflage coloring blends well with leaf litter on the forest floor, so a quick return to safe habitat favors their survival.Īs for why they're the first voice in spring's frog chorus: Wood frogs tolerate extreme cold. The males advertise, females respond, eggs are laid and fertilized, and the adults return to the safety of the woods. When you hear wood frogs quacking, you know there's a vernal pool nearby, formed by snow melt and spring rains. On a rainy spring night, some signal known only to wood frogs triggers their nearly simultaneous mass migration from woodlands to vernal pools. Wood frogs spend all but a few weeks in woodland habitat while the other true frogs hang out in water. The all-male frog chorus is revving up now, and wood frog males are the first to announce their availability to females. The call of a male wood frog fools a lot of people. If you're out for a walk this month, and you hear something that sounds like ducks quacking, don't expect to see ducks. ![]()
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